Products By Therapeutical Index
Alimentary System
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Gastro –Intestinal Sedatives
Central Nervous System
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Anti-Emetics, Anti-Nauseants
Indications
Digestive Disorders
Relief of symptoms such as gastrointestinal pain, heartburn, dyspepsia, flatulence, regurgitation in peptic ulcer, reflux esophagitis, gastritis, duodenitis, hiatus hernia, cholelithiasis post-cholecystectomy dyspepsia, post-anaesthetic vomiting, vomiting due to anti-migraine therapy and intolerance to drugs.
Composition
Emestop Injection
Each ampoule of 2 ml contains Metoclopramide hydrochloride 10 mg.
Emestop Syrup
Each teaspoonful (5 ml) contains Metoclopramide hydrochloride 5 mg.
Emestop Tablets
Each tablet contains Metoclopramide hydrochloride 10 mg.
Action
Metoclopramide, a dopamine receptor antagonist, acts both centrally and peripherally. Its antiemetic action is due to a central effect on the chemoreceptor trigger zone-vomiting centre). Peripherally, Emestop stimulates motility of the upper gastrointestinal tract without affecting gastric, biliary or pancreatic secretions. Experimental evidence has suggested that the effect on motility may be associated with enhanced cholinergic excitatory processes at the postganglionic neuromuscular junction, antagonism of non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (i.e. dopaminergic) inhibitory nerves and/or a direct effect on smooth muscle.
The post-synaptic activity of Metoclopramide appears to result from its ability to enhance acetylcholine release from post-ganglionic neurons in the gastrointestinal tract, and from its ability to sensitize muscarinic receptors of gastrointestinal smooth muscle to the actions of acetylcholine.
Although the major effects of Metoclopramide appear to be cholinergically based, antagonism of gastrointestinal dopaminergic activity might enhance the cholinergic like activity of the drug.
The effect of Emestop is not dependent on intact vagal innervations, but anticholinergic drugs can abolish it.
Metoclopramide increases the tone and amplitude of gastric and especially antral contractions. It relaxes the pyloric sphincter and the duodenal bulb and increases peristalsis of the duodenum and jejunum, resulting in accelerated gastric emptying and intestinal transit. Like phenothiazines and related drugs that are dopamine antagonists, Metoclopramide produces sedation and may produce extrapyramidal reactions. The drug inhibits the central and peripheral effects of apomorphine, induces release of prolactin and causes a transient increase in circulating aldosterone levels. Emestop also increases the resting tone of the lower esophageal sphincter but has little, if any, effect on the colon or the gall bladder.
